Heating system.



E. E. ALI-BEE.

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1907.

Patented NOV. 18, 1913.

H ri

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WI T/I/ESSE 8:

E. E. ALLBBB. HEATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1907. .1,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

} Patented N0v..18,1913.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELMER E. ALLBEE, 0F ARLINGTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY JVIESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO STANDARD HEAT AND VENTILATION COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HEATING SYSTEM. 7

Speoificationof Letters Patent.

Application filed Afigust 5, 1907.

' Patented Nov. 18, 1913. Serial No. 387,171. 1

siding at Arlington, inthe county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Systems, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to heating systems, and more particularly to steam heating systems adapted for use in railway cars or like structures.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a heating system of the above character which may be employed either as a Vapor system or as a closed system with the radiating plpes'under pressure.

Another object hereof is to provide a convertible system of the above type with new and improved means for regulating the quantity of heating medium utilized there-' in, whether the system operates under the vapor heating principle or as a heating system of the closed type.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated inthe following claims.

2 In the accompanying drawings, wherein is illustrated one of the various possible embodiments of my invention, Figure 1 is a View in perspective showing the floor plan of a railway car equipped 'iwith a heating system constructed in accordance therewith, Fig. 2 is a view in horizontal section of the feed and discharge connections of the heating system showing the parts in proper adjustment for the system to operate as a closed system, Fig. 3 is a similar view of the parts illustrated in Fig. 2 showing the parts adjusted in position for the system to operate as a vapor system, Fig. 4 is a view in side elevation of the feed and discharge connections of the system. Fig. 5 is a'section view taken on line a-a, of Fig. 2.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

Referring now to the drawings, the train pipe l is shown in dotted lines as extending longitudinally of the car beneath the floor 2, said train pipe receiving a supply of steam under pressure from the locomotive. Branch pipes 3 and 4 extend laterally from the train pipe and conducta steam supply to independent radiating systems, one-of which in the present instance is located at either side of the car. Inasmuch as the radiating systems located upon either side of the car are identical in construction and operation, but one thereof need be described in order to impart a clear understandin of my invention. Branch pipe 4, is furnis ed with a manually operated valve, as at 5, through the instrumentality of which the steam may be entirely shut off from the radiatingsystem which is supplied thereby. This branch pipe which extends upwardly through the floor of the car is connected with a fitting 6, and from this fitting leads a feed connection which inthe present-instance is constituted by aconduit 7. The opposite end of feed conduit 7 has a threaded connection with a fitting 8, which has an upwardly inclined passageway 9, and communicating with this passageway and ex.- tending from either end of fitting 8 longitudinally of the car, are radiating pipes 10. Pipes 10 have at their outer ends return .elbows 11, from which extend return pipes 12, the latter being threaded into the lower portion of fitting 8 and communicating with a passageway 18, into which is threaded the discharge connection for the radiating. system which in the present instance is constituted by a conduit 14. This conduit extends inwardly in parallel relation to feed conduit 7. At this point it may be noted that feed conduit 7' is formed of a metal having a relatively low co-eflicient of expansion, in the present instance iron,and that dischargeconduit 14 is formed of a metal having a relatively high co-efiicient of expansion, in the present instance brass. Threaded. upon the outer end of discharge conduit 14 is a fitting 15 from which leads a discharge or drip pipe 16, Said'drip pipe. extending downwardly through the floor of the car and discharging freely into the atmosphere. Fitting 15 has a threaded opening 17 lying in registry with a capped opening 18 of fitting 6 and threaded into opening 17 is a tubular injector member 19, the outer position adjacent tothe inner terminal of feed conduit 7. The inner end of injector member 19 is flared as at 20, said flared portion constituting a valve, which cotiperates witha seat 21 formed within fitting 6. Fitting 6 is provided with a chamber 22, which extends about the tubular injector member, branch pipe 4 leading into said'chamber and conducting steam theret-hrough to the radiating system. Between the outer flared portion of injector member 19 and seat 21 of fitting 6 is formed a narrow assageway 23 through which the steam un or pressure from the train pipe is injected into feed conduit 7 the injection of the. steam operating to. carry into the feed conduit a quantity of air with which the steam mixes before passing into the radiating system through the feed conduit.

In order to furnish a supply of air to the injector, injector member 19 is provided with a plurality of recesses 24 near its inner end, through which air may pass from fitting 15, said air previously having passed upward through discharge or drip pipe 16 into the fitting. This feature of construction isclearly shown in Fig. 3 of the draw ings. Any heated vapor delivered from the radiating system, by means of discharge conduit 14 will also pass through fitting 15,

I recesses 24 and thence through injector member 19 to be again passed through the radiating system.

Carried by a threaded portion of in ector member 19 within fitting 15 is a valve member 25 which is adapted to cotiperate with a seat 26 formed interiorly of said fitting, the function of which will be presently set forth. A stem 27 of injector member 19 extends ex- .teriorly of fitting 15 and hasits outer end operating to move valve 25 in corresponding directions with respect to seat 26. A suitable gland 29 is formed about injector mem-. ber 19in fitting 6, to prevent any leakage taking place between these parts. I

Secured at its inner end to a fixed' portion of,the radiating system as by means 0 a threaded connection at 30 with fitting 8 is a.

rod 31, said rod extendin longitudinally of discharge conduit 14 wit in'the same, and

at its outer end this rod has'threaed con nection with a'valve stem 32. Stem 32 extends through fitting 15 and its outer end is provided with an operating handle 33. At

its inner end stem 32 is provided with a a fixed upon the stem 32 engages valve 36 and v urges the same into engagement with the ends of webs 34 and in the direction of its seat. J

. Having thus described the structural features which constitute this embodiment of my invention, the operation thereof may I10W be understood. Assuming the parts to be adjusted in the position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings with valves 25 and 36 in engagement with their respective seats, and the flared or valve portion of injector member 19 carried a substantial distance from its seat, as shown, to provide for a free passage of steam therebe'tween, the system is in condition to be operatedas a closed system. At this point it may be noted that the initial adjustment of valve 36 with respect to its seat 37 is effected when the system is in a heated condition, and with theconduit 14 in an expanded condition, so that when the system cools slightly said valve will automatically,move from its seat to discharge an water of condensation from the system.

With the parts in these positions, steam will freel flow from the train pipe through branch pipe 4 and fitting 6 into the feed con duit 7,whence it will be delivered into the radiating system, filling the same and the discharge conduit 14 with steamunder pressure. At this point there may be noted that rod 31,- which is connected with valve 36, is formedof a metal having a relatively low co-eificient of expansion, whichv in the present instance is iron. By reason of this feature of construction, the differential contraction, on the cooling of the steam below. a

certain point between rod36 and discharge conduit 14, which, as above set forth, is.

formed of brass having a relatively high-coeificient of expansion, will cause valve 36 to be moved away from its seat, thereby dis-. charging the water of condensation from the system in accordance Withthe internal heat conditions thereof. This will permit more highly heated steam to pass into said discharge conduit, and when the temperature therein reaches a predeterinined value the differential expansionof said parts will close thedischarge valve again. Thus the system with the parts in the position above described will be intermittently'and automatically discharged ofwater of condensation.

When it is desired to operate the heating system upon the vapor principle, valves 36 and .are movedfromtheir seats as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, which operations -1 s .for. the System. WVith the,parts adjusted in .maybe accomplishedby rotations of their respective stems. The-adjustment.of valve Way 23 between-the samefand its seat, said passageway. constituting the injector means this latter position, ,air will be admitted through discharge or drip pipe 16,-fitting 15,

and injector member'19, to supply the system withthe requisite quantity thereof tobe mixed with the ingoing steam, as will beunderstood. Valve 36 bein held away from its seat, the water of con ensation may now freely flow through opening 35 of fitting 15, and thence to the atmosphere-through drip ,pipe 16, while uncondensed steam will be carried along with the injected air into-the feed pipe 7 and again circulatedthrough the.

radiating system. 7

It will accordingly be seen that I have provided a new and improved heating system which is well ada ted to attain among others, the several en s and objects of my invention in an exceedingly simple yet eflicient manner.

While the system may operate either as a vapor system or as a system of the closed type, the construction is such that the operation of neither system is interfered with or in any wise affected by the presence of the parts necessary to effect a successful operation. of the other system. Moreover, the operating parts may be readily adjusted to effect the change of operation in the system, and in whatever position the arts are adjusted, the requisite amount of heating medium necessary to be employed is automatically regulated in accordance with the internal heat conditions therein.

While I have shown my invention as applied to a railway car, it is, of course, obvious that the same may be employedwith great-facility in many other analogous relations, although the same is particularly well adapted for employment in the relation shown.

Certain features of construction shown and described herein are shown, described and claimed in the following United States Letters Patent granted to RobertM. Dixon, to wit: No. 1,055,725, issued March 11, 1913, for heaters for water-circulating systems, and No. 1,062,639, issued May 27th, 1913, for heating systems, and accordingly are not claimed herein.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely diflerent embodiments of this invention could be made without departin from the scope thereof, it .is intended't at all imatter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be'interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention, which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.

Having thus described my invention what EI claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is: 1. In a heating system, 1n comblnatlon, a

radiating system, a feed conduit leading thereinto, a source of steam supply-for said :feed conduit, a discharge conduit leading expansion or contraction between said feed and discharge conduits operating to open and close said valve,'means for adjusting said injector member whereb steam will be freely admitted into the radiating system, Q5

a valve between the discharge and feed conduits, and a valve for closing said discharge conduit, adapted to be automatically opened and closed by the contraction and expansion of said discharge conduit to regulate the dis charge from the radiating system in accordance with the internal heat conditions of the system.

2. In a steam heating system, in combination, a circuit of pipes provided with a steam inlet and an opening discharging to the atmosphere, a manually operated valve forsaid circuit for controlling the flow of air from the discharge opening to the steam inlet, automatic valve mechanism responsive to the changes of-the temperature conditions within the system for governing the ingress of steam through said inlet and the egress ofwater of condensation through saiddischarge opening, and manually operated means for adjusting said valve mechanism to convert the system into a high pressure or low pressure system at will.

3. In a heating system, the combination with a radiating system open'at both ends to the atmosphere, of injecting means adj acent the ends of said system, a valve associated withv the injecting means adapted to be operated by the relative expansion of the feed and discharge connectionsof the radiating system, a valve for closing the 'discharge conduit automatically operating said I vsecond-mentioned valve toregulate the. disvcharge from said system in accordance with the internal heat conditions of the system, and 'manually operated means for closing communication to the atmosphere at the teed end.

4:. In a heating system, i'ncombination, a

radiating system, feed and discharge connections therefor open to the atmosphere, an injector member associated with a source of steam supply within the feed connection of said radiating system, said injector member being positioned and forming a commumeating means between the discharge and feed connections and acting as a valve for con trolling the injection of a fluid therein adapted to be operated by a diiferential expansion or contraction of said'feed and discharge connections, means for permanently opening said valve and closing communica.- tion with the atmosphere whereby steam will be freely admitted into said system, a

valve for opening or closing said discharge connection to the atmosphere, and means connected therewith and located within the discharge connection adapted through a differential expansion or contraction with said discharge connection ,to open and close said last mentioned valve in accordance with the internal heat conditions of the radiating system.

5. In a heating system, in combination, a radiating system, feed and dischar e conne'ctions thereforhaving diiferent co-e cients I ofexpansion, said feed and discharge con discharge connection and connected with said second-mentioned valve adapted through differential expansion or contraction with said discharge connection to open or closesaid second-mentioned valve in' accordance with the internal heat conditions of the ra diating system, a third valve between said discharge and feed conduits, and means for ad-,

justing said valve mechanism to such position as will admit of. a free flow of stea 1 only into said radiating system whereby the system maybe changed from high to low pressure at will.-

6. In a car heatin system, the combina-' tion with the train pipe, of a radiating system open to the atmosphere and located within the car, a feed conduit connected with the.

train pipe and witlrsaid radiating system jecting a fluid into said conduit, a discharge conduit for the radiating system, a valve mechanism constituted part by said injecting means the operation of which is deter- ;mined by diflerential expansion and coning means to such position as will admit a free flowof steam only into the radiating system whereby the system may be changed from high to low pressure at will. 1

7 The combination in a car heating sys- -tem, of a train pipe, a radiating system comprising a line of connecting piping located within the car, a feed conduit connected with the train'pipe and with said pi' ing, a discharge conduit for said line 0 connected piping open to the atmosphere, a fitting attached to said discharge conduit, an injector member forming a communication between said feedand discharge conduits having normally a fixed relation with said fitting and extending within said feed conduit and having a sliding connection therewith, the end with theand open tothc atmosphere, means for inof said injector member within said feed conduit having a valve formed thereon coacting with aseat in said feed conduit, said feed and discharge conduits being formed of metals having different coefficients of ex pansion and constituting a thermostatic device to open or close the valve in accordance with the internal heat conditions of the radiating system and thereby determine the amOunt (Sf steam to be admitted therein, a second valve adapted to be operated to close said discharge connection to the atmosphere, an expansible 'member located within said discharge connection and connected with said valve and adapted through difi'erential expansionor contractionwith said discharge connection to open or close the valve to regulate theQdischarge from said system in accordancewith the internal heat conditions oft-he heater, a third valve between the discharge fand feed conduits, nd means for moving said injector mem er within said feed conduit to'such position as willi freely admit a flow of Steam only through saidfeed connection and into the radiating system whereby the system may be. changed from high to low pressure at will.

8. In a car heating system for railway cars or like structures, the combination with the' train pipe, of a radiating system located within the car, a tubular member of'a relatively low coefficient of expansion interposed between the train pipe and said radiating system, a tubular member of relatively high co-eflicient of expansion for. discharging the water of condensation from said radiating system, both of said tubular members being open to the atmosphere, an injector member interposed between said tubular members and movable with said second tubular member, valve mechanism formed in part by said injector member for controlling the amount of fluid injected therein, the differential expansion and contraction of said tubular members operating to open and close said valve mechanism in accordance with the internal heat conditions of the radiating system, a second valve adapted to close said system to the atmosphere at the discharge end thereof, a rod formed of a metal of a relatively low' co-eficient of expansion fixed at one end within the second mentioned tubular member and at the'opposite end connected with said last mentioned valve and adapted through dili'erential expansion and contraction with said second mentioned tubular member to open or close said valve thereby regulating the discharge from the radiating system, a third valve between the feed and discharge conduits, and means associated with said valve mechanism for actuating said valve mechanism to admit of a free flow of steam only into the radiating system whereby the system may be changed from high pressure to low pressure at will.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ELMER E. ALLBEE. Witnesses GLR. Jnwm'r, E. C. Sorro. 

